English Language Form 2

Contenido

1. 1. Listening to Various Simple Oral Texts

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   Teoría

   • Listening for different purposes
   • Clues to meaning: stress, intonation, pauses and tone
   • Taking down a telephone message
   • Listening to news, talks and interviews and responding
   • Summary

   Introduction In Form Two you listen to longer and more varied oral texts: telephone messages, radio programmes, speeches, interviews, stories and instructions. The aim is to understand the main message , pick out specific information , recognise the speaker's attitude and respond appropriately. Types of listening…

2. 2. Asking for Services

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   Teoría

   • Making polite requests
   • Responding to requests: accepting, refusing and clarifying
   • Vocabulary of services and model dialogues
   • Requests in writing
   • Summary

   Introduction We often need services from other people: at a bank, a hospital, a post office, a shop, a restaurant, a library, a garage or a government office. Asking for a service politely and clearly helps us to get what we need quickly and shows respect. Polite request forms Expression Example Can I / Could I ...?…

3. 3. Giving Descriptions

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   Teoría

   • Describing people
   • Describing places and objects
   • Order of adjectives and making comparisons
   • Describing a process
   • Summary

   What is a description? A description gives a clear picture in words of a person, place, object, animal or process so that the reader or listener can see it in the mind. Good descriptions use precise adjectives , comparisons and details that appeal to the senses: sight, sound, smell, touch and taste. Describing people…

4. 4. Locating Places

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   Teoría

   • Prepositions for locating places
   • Compass directions: in the north of or to the north of?
   • Using a map: key, scale and distances
   • Asking about and describing a location
   • Summary

   Introduction Locating a place means saying exactly where it is. We locate places in our school, town, region or country, and on maps. To do this we use prepositions of place , compass directions , distances and landmarks . Prepositions of place in – inside an area: Moshi is in Kilimanjaro Region. on – on a surface, a…

5. 5. Talking about Events

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   Teoría

   • Past tenses for events: simple, continuous and perfect
   • Present perfect or past simple?
   • Reporting what people said
   • Giving an account of an event
   • Summary

   Introduction An event is something important that happens, such as a graduation, a sports competition, a wedding, a national holiday, an accident or a school open day. We talk about events that have happened, are happening or will happen. To do this well we need the right tenses, time expressions and connectors, and a…

6. 6. Talking about Cultural Activities

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   Teoría

   • Culture and cultural activities: vocabulary
   • Grammar for talking about customs
   • Describing a cultural activity
   • Positive cultural practices; preserving culture
   • Summary

   What is culture? Culture is the total way of life of a group of people: their beliefs, customs, language, food, dress, music, dances, ceremonies, arts and values. Tanzania has more than 120 ethnic communities, so it is rich in cultural activities. Talking about culture helps us to understand and respect one another.…

7. 7. Expressing Opinions

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   Teoría

   • Giving opinions with different strengths
   • Supporting an opinion: reason and evidence
   • Responding to opinions and rules of polite discussion
   • Debates: roles, procedure and a model speech
   • Summary

   Introduction In Form Two you go beyond simple "I think" sentences. You learn to give opinions with supporting reasons and evidence , to take part in discussions and debates , and to respond to other people's views politely and convincingly. Giving opinions Neutral: I think ..., I believe ..., In my opinion ..., From my…

8. 8. Reading for Comprehension

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   Teoría

   • What is reading comprehension? Levels of questions
   • Strategies for comprehension and context clues
   • A worked comprehension passage
   • Summary

   What is reading comprehension? Comprehension means understanding. Reading for comprehension means reading a text in order to understand its ideas, facts, opinions, vocabulary and message, and then answering questions about it. In examinations, comprehension passages test how carefully you read and how well you express…

9. 9. Analysing Information from the Media

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   Teoría

   • Sections of a newspaper; radio and television programmes
   • The language of headlines
   • Persuasive techniques in advertising
   • Bias and reliability in the media
   • Summary

   Introduction In Form One you learnt the types and functions of the media. In Form Two you learn to analyse media texts more deeply: to identify their parts and purpose, to separate facts from opinions, to recognise persuasion and bias, and to compare how different media report the same story. Sections of a newspaper…

10. 10. Writing Cards and Messages

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    Teoría

    • Types of cards and messages for occasions
    • Invitation cards: formal and informal
    • Replying to invitations
    • Short messages, notes and text messages
    • Summary

    Introduction Cards and short messages are used to share feelings and information on special occasions or in daily life. They are short, but they must be clear, correct and appropriate to the occasion and the reader. Types of cards Invitation cards – weddings, graduations, birthday parties, fundraising events. Greeting…

11. 11. Interpreting Literary Works

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    Teoría

    • Content: theme, message, conflict and relevance
    • Form: plot, characterisation, setting and point of view
    • Figures of speech
    • Reading a poem and writing about a literary work
    • Summary

    Introduction In Form Two you study literary works more closely. Interpreting a work means explaining what it says, how it says it, and why it matters. We look at both its content (what it is about) and its form (how it is written). Content Theme – a central idea, e.g. corruption, the importance of education, love,…