English Language Form 1

Yaliyomo

1. 1. Listening to and Understanding Simple Texts about Events and Situations

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

   Maelezo ya mada

   • Hearing and listening: kinds of oral texts
   • The three stages of good listening
   • Main idea, supporting details and signal words
   • Barriers to listening and polite responses
   • Summary

   What is listening? Listening is more than hearing sounds. Hearing happens by itself, but listening means paying attention to spoken words and working out their meaning. A good listener understands the main message, remembers important details and can respond correctly. Types of simple oral texts Announcements – short…

2. 2. Talking about One's Family

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

   Maelezo ya mada

   • What is a family? Types of family
   • Family vocabulary: who is who?
   • Grammar for talking about family
   • Describing family members
   • Summary

   Introduction A family is a group of people related by blood, marriage or adoption. Talking about our family is one of the first things we do when we meet new people. In this topic you will learn the vocabulary of family relationships and the grammar used to describe family members. Types of family Nuclear family –…

3. 3. Expressing Personal and Group Routines and Habits

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

   Maelezo ya mada

   • Routines and the present simple tense
   • Adverbs of frequency and time expressions
   • Describing personal and group routines
   • Summary

   What is a routine? A routine is something we do regularly, usually in the same way and at the same time. A habit is an action we do so often that we do it almost without thinking. Personal routines are done by one person ( I brush my teeth every morning ); group routines are done by a group ( Our class cleans the…

4. 4. Expressing Likes and Dislikes

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

   Maelezo ya mada

   • Words and expressions for likes and dislikes
   • Grammar of likes, dislikes and preferences
   • Agreeing, disagreeing and polite refusals
   • Summary

   Introduction Every person has things he or she enjoys and things he or she does not enjoy. Being able to express likes and dislikes clearly and politely helps us to make friends, choose activities and share our feelings. Expressions for likes I like + noun: I like mangoes. I like / love / enjoy + verb-ing: I enjoy…

5. 5. Expressing Ongoing Activities

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

   Maelezo ya mada

   • The present continuous: form and spelling
   • Uses of the present continuous and verbs we don't use in it
   • Present simple or present continuous? Describing a scene
   • Summary

   What is an ongoing activity? An ongoing activity is an action that is in progress – it has started but has not yet finished. To describe such actions we use the present continuous tense (also called the present progressive). Form of the present continuous Subject + am / is / are + verb-ing Subject Positive Negative…

6. 6. Talking about Past Events and Activities

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

   Maelezo ya mada

   • The past simple: regular verbs and was/were
   • Irregular verbs, negatives, questions and time expressions
   • The past continuous: when and while
   • Telling a story about a past experience
   • Summary

   Introduction We often tell others what happened yesterday, last week or many years ago. To talk about completed actions in the past we mainly use the past simple tense . To describe an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past we use the past continuous tense . The past simple tense Regular verbs add…

7. 7. Expressing Future Plans and Activities

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

   Maelezo ya mada

   • The future with will
   • The future with be going to
   • Arrangements, timetables and time clauses
   • Talking and writing about future plans
   • Summary

   Introduction We often talk about what we intend to do, what has already been arranged, and what we think will happen. English has several ways of talking about the future , and each one has a slightly different meaning. 1. Will + base verb Used for: decisions made at the moment of speaking: "It is dark. I will switch…

8. 8. Giving Directions

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

   Maelezo ya mada

   • Asking for and responding to directions politely
   • The language of directions
   • Using a map: compass directions and clear sequences
   • Summary

   Introduction Visitors, new students and travellers often need help to find places. Giving directions means telling someone clearly how to get from one place to another. Good directions are short, given in the correct order and include landmarks that are easy to see. Asking for directions politely Excuse me, could you…

9. 9. Expressing Opinions and Feelings

   Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

   Maelezo ya mada

   • Fact or opinion?
   • Giving, asking for and responding to opinions
   • Expressing feelings
   • Summary

   Introduction An opinion is what a person thinks or believes about something. It is not always true for everyone, so other people may disagree. A feeling (or emotion) is how a person feels inside, for example happy, sad, angry, worried or proud. In daily life and in class discussions we need to express our opinions and…

10. 10. Using a Dictionary

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

    Maelezo ya mada

    • What is a dictionary? Types of dictionaries
    • Alphabetical order and guide words
    • Reading a dictionary entry
    • Choosing the right meaning and using the dictionary well
    • Summary

    What is a dictionary? A dictionary is a book (or an electronic application) that lists the words of a language in alphabetical order and gives information about each word. A good dictionary is one of the most useful tools for a language learner. Types of dictionaries Monolingual dictionary – explains words in the same…

11. 11. Taking Notes

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

    Maelezo ya mada

    • What is note-taking and why is it important?
    • Steps in note-taking; abbreviations and symbols
    • Note formats and a full worked example
    • Summary

    What is note-taking? Note-taking is writing down the most important points from a lesson, talk, book or other source in a short form. Note-making usually means making notes from something you read, while note-taking often means writing notes while listening. Good notes help us to revise, remember and understand what we…

12. 12. Reading a Variety of Texts (Intensive Reading)

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

    Maelezo ya mada

    • Intensive and extensive reading; types of texts
    • Reading skills: skimming, scanning, inferring and context clues
    • Intensive reading in practice: a worked passage
    • Summary

    Intensive and extensive reading Intensive reading means reading a short text carefully and in detail in order to understand every important idea, the meaning of new words, and how the text is organised. It is the kind of reading we do for comprehension exercises. Extensive reading means reading longer texts, such as…

13. 13. Analysing Information from the Media

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

    Maelezo ya mada

    • The media: types and functions
    • The parts of a news article
    • Analysing media messages: adverts, bias and fake news
    • Summary

    What are the media? The media (singular: medium) are the means through which information reaches many people at the same time. They include: Print media – newspapers, magazines, posters, brochures and books. Broadcast media – radio and television. Digital or new media – websites, blogs, social media and messaging…

14. 14. Writing a Personal Letter

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 15

    Maelezo ya mada

    • What is a personal letter? Its parts and layout
    • Language and style of a personal letter
    • A model personal letter and how it differs from a formal letter
    • Summary

    What is a personal letter? A personal (or friendly / informal ) letter is a letter written to someone we know well, such as a friend, a parent, a brother or a cousin. Its purpose may be to share news, thank someone, invite someone, give advice or say sorry. The language is friendly and relaxed, but it must still be…

15. 15. Writing a Variety of Texts

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

    Maelezo ya mada

    • Writing compositions
    • Notices and invitation cards
    • Writing a diary
    • Writing instructions and recipes
    • Summary

    Introduction In everyday life and at school we write many types of texts, each with its own purpose, layout and language. In Form One you should be able to write simple compositions , notices , invitations , messages , diaries and instructions . 1. Compositions (essays) A composition is a piece of continuous writing on…

16. 16. Interpreting Literary Works

    Majaribio 1 Maswali 16

    Maelezo ya mada

    • What is literature? Its functions and genres
    • Elements of a story: plot, character, setting, conflict and theme
    • Oral literature: tales, proverbs, riddles and songs
    • Simple poetry terms and interpreting a poem
    • Summary

    What is literature? Literature is the use of language in an artistic and creative way to express ideas, feelings and experiences about life. It entertains, teaches values, preserves culture and helps us understand people and society. Forms (genres) of literature Prose – written in ordinary sentences and paragraphs:…