History Form 2

Indice

1. 1. Socio-Economic Development and Production in Pre-Colonial Africa

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   • Production and modes of production
   • Communalism
   • Slavery and feudalism as modes of production
   • Factors for socio-economic development
   • Production and its results in pre-colonial Africa
   • Summary

   Meaning of production and development Production is the process by which people use their labour and tools on natural resources to make goods that satisfy their needs. Socio-economic development means improvement in the ability of a society to produce, together with changes in how people live and relate to each other.…

2. 2. Interactions Among the People of Africa

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   • Meaning and forms of interaction
   • The Bantu migration
   • The Nilotes and the Cushites
   • The Mfecane and the Ngoni migration
   • Effects of interactions among African peoples
   • Summary

   Meaning of interaction Interaction means the contact and relationships between different groups of people. African peoples have interacted with one another for thousands of years. These interactions shaped languages, cultures, economies and political systems. Forms of interaction Migration – movement of people from one…

3. 3. Africa and the External World

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   • The Indian Ocean trade and the monsoon winds
   • Coastal city-states, Islam and Swahili culture
   • The Portuguese on the East African coast
   • Omani rule, Zanzibar and the East African slave trade
   • The trans-Atlantic slave trade
   • Abolition and effects of the slave trade
   • Summary

   Introduction Long before colonial rule, Africa had contacts with peoples of Asia and Europe. These contacts took place mainly through trade, religion and later the slave trade. They brought both benefits and serious harm to African societies. Contacts with Asia: the Indian Ocean trade Traders from Arabia, Persia…

4. 4. Industrial Capitalism

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   • Capitalism and its stages
   • The Industrial Revolution
   • Why Britain industrialised first
   • Needs of industrial capitalism and legitimate trade
   • Agents of capitalism in Africa
   • Summary

   Meaning Capitalism is an economic system in which the means of production (land, factories, machines, mines) are owned privately and production is mainly for sale and profit. Workers sell their labour for wages. Industrial capitalism is the stage of capitalism in which production is carried out mainly in factories…